Indigenous Knowledge
30%Indigenous Pacific and Māori perspectives frame oil shipments as violations of sacred oceanic ecosystems, where *moana* (ocean) and *whenua* (land) are interconnected kin, not infrastructure corridors. Japan’s energy policy ignores the *kaitiakitanga* (guardianship) obligations of Māori and Pacific communities, who have long resisted fossil fuel expansion in their territories. The silence on Indigenous land and water defenders in this narrative reflects a broader erasure of stewardship ethics in favor of state and corporate control.