Indigenous Knowledge
20%Indigenous and local communities in West Asia (e.g., Baloch, Ahwazi Arabs, Kurds) have long resisted state-centric narratives of energy transit, framing the Strait of Hormuz as a sacred and communal space rather than a chokepoint for global markets. Their knowledge systems prioritize intergenerational stewardship over extractive logics, offering alternatives to the militarized securitization of energy routes. However, their perspectives are systematically excluded from ceasefire negotiations, which are dominated by state and corporate actors.