Indigenous Knowledge
20%Indigenous diplomatic traditions, such as those of the Iroquois Confederacy or the African Union’s conflict resolution mechanisms, prioritise consensus-building and long-term relational healing over militarised posturing. These traditions often view conflict as a failure of dialogue rather than an opportunity for dominance, contrasting sharply with the US’s historical reliance on coercive diplomacy. The omission of such perspectives in Western media reinforces a narrow, state-centric view of international relations.