Indigenous Knowledge
70%Indigenous communities in oil-producing regions (e.g., Ogoni in Nigeria, U'wa in Colombia) have long framed fossil fuel extraction as a violation of territorial sovereignty and intergenerational justice. Their resistance movements highlight how ceasefires often precede renewed extraction, reinforcing colonial patterns of resource control. Traditional ecological knowledge systems in West Asia (e.g., qanat irrigation in Iran) offer low-energy alternatives to fossil fuel dependency, yet are marginalized in global energy discourse.