Geopolitical stalemate in Tehran: How sanctions, proxy wars, and energy politics reshape Middle East security talks

Indigenous frameworks, such as the Haudenosaunee’s *Gayanashagowa*, offer a radical alternative to the adversarial diplomacy seen in Tehran. These systems prioritize long-term harmony, collective accountability, and the inclusion of future generations—a stark contrast to the exclusionary, state-centric negotiations that dominate Western geopolitics. The absence of such perspectives in these talks reinforces the erasure of non-Western governance models, which could provide pathways to breaking the cycle of conflict. For example, the Zapatista autonomy movements in Mexico demonstrate how Indigenous self-determination can coexist with broader political processes, a lesson largely ignored in Iran’s security calculus.